The Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan and President Donald Trump have met before — on Twitter, where they sparred. Next week, they will be meeting in real life, as Khan heads to Washington, D.C., for a three-day visit.
The July 22 invitation to the White House comes as Washington tries to finalize negotiations with the Taliban to end the nearly two-decade war in Afghanistan. Pakistan is seen as being key to those efforts. So the invitation suggests an easing of bitter tensions that have beset the U.S. relationship with Pakistan.
"From isolation, we have moved toward invitation," said Pakistani Foreign Minister Shah Mahmood Qureshi at a Tuesday conference in Islamabad on U.S.-Pakistan ties. "We see [the] invitation as acknowledgement of the inherent importance of the relationship for both sides."
But relations may hinge on the rapport between President Trump and Prime Minister Khan, two populist leaders who prefer social media over traditional communications and tend to speak plainly, said Javed Ashraf Qazi, a former head of Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence agency and a Khan supporter.
"Both of them are pretty independent-minded people and they are not bound by the staff working for them before they start giving tweets," Qazi said. "Imran, too, is rather direct in what he wants to say — he doesn't mince words — he doesn't hide his feelings."
The two leaders tussled on Twitter in November, when Trump wrote a series of tweets accusing Pakistan of hiding al-Qaida leader Osama bin Laden while taking U.S. aid money.
"We paid Pakistan Billions of Dollars & they never told us he was living there. Fools!" Trump tweeted.
In a subsequent tweet, he wrote: "We no longer pay Pakistan the $Billions because they would take our money and do nothing for us, Bin Laden being a prime example, Afghanistan being another. They were just one of many countries that take from the United States without giving anything in return. That's ENDING!"
Khan responded in a series of tweets, accusing Trump "of making Pakistan a scapegoat" for America's failures in Afghanistan.
The back-and-forth underscored relations that have frayed over accusations that Pakistan harbors militants who have targeted American forces and allies in neighboring Afghanistan — claims that Pakistan denies.
Since Trump took office, the relationship has eroded further. His administration suspended millions of dollars in military aid to Pakistan last year and cut dozens of Pakistani military officers out of prestigious exchange programs.
But shortly after last November's Twitter fight, Trump asked Pakistan to pressure the Taliban to continue with negotiations, led by U.S. envoy Zalmay Khalilzad, that appeared to be sputtering. The request appealed to Khan, who has argued for decades that Washington must negotiate with the Taliban.
Then, in January, Republican Sen. Lindsey Graham visited Pakistan and urged Trump to meet Khan.
"Prime Minister Khan was criticized over the decades, over the past 10 or 20 years, about talking about reconciling with the Taliban. He was right," Graham said, according to video from a news conference he held in Islamabad.
Since then, Afghan peace negotiations have continued, and Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said he hopes they will conclude by Sept. 1.
Whether that occurs or not, Khan's visit to Washington is already a boost for the prime minister, who can say he revived ties with a key ally. The last visit by a Pakistani premier to the White House was four years ago.
It is a needed victory for Khan, some analysts say. He has struggled to deliver promises of jobs and prosperity that he promised during elections last year. Instead, he has accepted an IMF bailout of $6 billion and faces widespread public anger over rising prices and a sinking currency.
"It's a positive prize for Prime Minister Imran Khan, given his own current domestic issues," said Ammara Durrani, a sociologist and writer on Pakistani politics. "This visit is coming at a time when he is facing a particularly aggressive opposition which has announced a full-throttled movement launched against his government."
Critics say Khan's government, aided by the military, the country's most powerful institution, has sought to quell dissent by cracking down on opposition leaders, journalists and activists of the Pashtun Tahafuz Movement, a rights group.
Khan is expected to lead a delegation that will include Pakistan's army chief, Gen. Qamar Javed Bajwa, and the military intelligence chief, said Ayesha Siddiqa, author of Military, Inc.: Inside Pakistan's Military Economy.
They will be lobbying to resume the military training programs, and will likely seek permission to purchase spare parts for Pakistan's F-16 jets, said Siddiqa. They are also expected to ask for U.S. help in being removed from the gray list of the Financial Action Task Force, an intergovernmental anti-terrorism financing group, and in accessing more loans to boost Pakistan's troubled economy.
"Pakistan wants money and military stock, and it wants improved relations with the U.S.," Siddiqa said.
The U.S. will likely press Pakistan to take permanent action against extremists like Hafiz Saeed. He stands accused of masterminding attacks in Mumbai, India, that left more than 160 people dead in 2008. His loyalists were allowed to contest Pakistani elections last year, from a political party widely seen as a front for Saeed. (They won no seats).
Pakistani authorities arrested Saeed on Wednesday, not for the first time, and he faces multiple terrorism financing charges. Analysts said the arrest may have come to deflect pressure on Pakistan before Khan's meeting with Trump, who noted the arrest on Twitter.
And Pakistan may be asked to support Washington's efforts to pressure Iran, said Qazi, the former intelligence chief. Iran has accused Pakistan in the past of turning a blind eye to militants targeting its forces in cross-border attacks.
Qazi said he expected Khan to push back against any such request. Ultimately, much may ride on the relationship between Trump and Khan.
It could "mend some of the fissures that we have had in our relations and things could go smoothly," he said. "Or it could totally go in the opposite direction."
NPR producer Abdul Sattar contributed to this report.
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