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Did an indigenous metropolis once stand in what’s now Downtown Jacksonville?

A 1706 map of the Gulf of Mexico.
Pieter van der Aa
/
Jacksonville Public Library
A 1706 map of the Gulf of Mexico.

Summary:

Stories about an ancient Timucuan town called Ossachite buried beneath the streets of Downtown Jacksonville abound online, but did it actually exist? And does this romantic narrative of a lost city actually obscure the far more interesting indigenous history of Northeast Florida?

Bibliography: 

Introducing the Shields Mound and the Mill Cove Complex” by Keith Ashley, at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304497289

“Mill Cove Complex: A Truly Significant Site” by Keith Ashley in Florida Archaeology Magazine, 2018, at https://myfloridahistory.org/fhsai/magazine/2018

“Native Floridians and Mississippian Culture” by Keith Ashley in Florida Archaeology Magazine, 2017, at https://myfloridahistory.org/fhsai/magazine/2017

“Indigenous Florida” by Denise Bossy and Keith Ashley, 2023, at http://indigenousflorida.domains.unf.edu/

“History of Jacksonville, Florida and Vicinity 1513 to 1924” by T. Frederick Davis, 1925 at https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/northeast_fla_books/19/

“The Florida of the Inca by Graciloso de la Vega (translated by John Grier Varner and Jeannette Varner),” 2010 (available at Jacksonville Public Library)

“Jaxlore: The lost city of Ossachite” by Bill Delaney, 2023, at https://www.thejaxsonmag.com/article/jaxlore-the-lost-city-of-ossachite/

Secret Jacksonville: A Guide to the Weird, Wonderful, and Obscure by Bill Delaney, 2021 (available at JPL)

“Indigenous Jacksonville: 10,000+ Years of History” by Florida State College at Jacksonville, 2022, at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkLtv6UxOmA&t=1507s

“Heca Utimile/Our Land: Crafting an Indigenous History of Northeast Florida” by Jacksonville Historical Society, 2021, at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=32UvedSXMLs&t=1794s

An Environmental History of Northeast Florida by James Miller, 1998 (available at JPL)

“Certain River Mounds of Duval County, Florida” by Clarence Moore, 1895, at https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00024748/00001/citation

“Certain Sand Mounds of the St. Johns River Florida v2,” by Clarence Moore, 1894, at https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00074980/00002/images/69

T. Frederick Davis Papers Collection Info by University of Florida, 2005, at https://findingaids.uflib.ufl.edu/repositories/2/resources/174

Image Credit: 

“Scheeps togt van Iamaica gedaan na Panuco en Rio de las Palmas, aan de Golf van Mexico gelegen” by Pieter van der Aa, 1706, at https://cdm16025.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16025coll9/id/25/rec/1

Voice actors (in order of appearance):

  • Frederick Davis, author of “History of Jacksonville, Florida and Vicinity 1513 to 1924”: Jackson Harpe
  • Garcilaso De La Vega, a Spanish soldier and poet: Sky Lebron
  • Clarence B. Moore, an American archaeologist: Chris Copeland
Special Projects Producer Brendan Rivers joined WJCT News in August of 2018 after several years as a reporter and then News Director at Southern Stone Communications, which owns and operates several radio stations in the Daytona Beach area.
Jennifer Grey serves as the Public Services Coordinator for Florida State College at Jacksonville’s Library and Learning Commons, where she also oversees the college’s archives.
Tammy Cherry is a professor of English at Florida State College at Jacksonville.
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